4 verified publications on file. Each one was read back from PubMed before it was listed, and each states the experimental model it used.
KPV is studied mainly as an anti-inflammatory tripeptide in rodent colitis models and intestinal cell lines. The work is consistent across independent groups, and it is all preclinical - the FDA has separately noted a lack of human exposure data for this compound.
Regulatory status: As of 2026, KPV is not FDA-approved; KPV was nominated for the compounding bulk-substances list and placed in Category 2, but that nomination was later withdrawn by the nominator, with FDA noting a lack of human exposure data (FDA Category 2 page, current as of 04/22/2026).
Getting SJ, Schioth HB, Perretti M
ModelMouse crystal-induced peritonitis, plus macrophage cultures
Concludes KPV likely acts independently of melanocortin receptors, via inhibition of IL-1beta function.
Dalmasso G, Charrier-Hisamuddin L, Nguyen HT, Yan Y, Sitaraman S, Merlin D
ModelHuman intestinal epithelial and T-cell lines (Caco2-BBE, HT29-Cl.19A, Jurkat) plus DSS- and TNBS-induced colitis in mice
The source of the NF-kB signalling research area listed on the compound page.
Kannengiesser K, Maaser C, Heidemann J, Luegering A, Ross M, Brzoska T, Bohm M, Luger TA, Domschke W, Kucharzik T
ModelTwo mouse colitis models (DSS and CD45RB-high transfer), including MC1R-nonfunctional mice
Xiao B, Xu Z, Viennois E, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang M, Han MK, Kang Y, Merlin D
ModelMouse ulcerative colitis model
The subject of the paper is the nanoparticle delivery system, not free KPV - a distinction vendors citing it tend to drop.
Citations are transcribed from the publisher record on PubMed and re-checked when a compound page is updated. Found an error or a study we should add? Tell us — corrections are published, not quietly patched.